Objective:

We investigated the correlation of the macrovascular complications with HbA1c, age of diabetes, BMI, waist circumference, microalbuminuria and lipid levels at the moment of application.

Methods:

The frequency of hypertension is 71.5%, coronary artery disease is 26%, peripheric arterial disease is 6.5% and cerebrovascular disease is 4%.

Results:

Many investigations have shown that regular glycemic control decreases the frequency of complications. One of the most important conclusions of our investigation is the positive affect of regular glycemic control on macrovascular complications. The frequency of hypertension and coronary artery diease is significantly higher in patients with HbA1c levels above 8% according to the patients with HbA1c levels lower than 8%. The relation with duration of diabetes and vascular complication occurence is already known. The main reason is the duration of glycemic exposure. In our study, the frequency of macrovascular complications is higher in the patients who are diabetic for more than 5 years compared to the patients who are diabetic less than 5 years. the duration of diabetes is correlated with hypertension, ischemic heart disease, coronary artery disease statistically significantly. the cerebrovascular disease and peripheric artery disease frequencies are higher in the patients who have diabetes more than 5 years, but it is statistically insignificant. Obesity is one of the most important risks of diabetes and also an independent risk factor of cardiovascular disease. In our study, there are no significant relationships between BMI and waist circumference groups and macrovascular complications. Many studies have demonstrated the relationship between lipid levels and macrovascular complications, high levels of LDL cholesterol and triglyceride, low levels of HDL cholesterol accelerates the atherogenic process. In our study, there is no significant relationship between the total, LDL and HDL cholesterol groups and macrovascular complications. Only the high triglyceride level is significantly correlated with hypertension. Microalbumiuria is a risk factor for cardiovascular diease, an indicator of common endothelial damage and leads to nephropathy in diabetic patients. Microalbumiuria is an independent risk factor in type 2 diabetes, like blood pressure and smoking. In our study there is a significant correlation between macro- and microalbuminuria and hypertension and coronary artery diease.

Conclusion:

In this study, glycemic control and duration of type 2 diabetes are the most important two reasons that lead to occurenceof macovascular complications.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus type 2, macrovascular complications, regulation